The way Let's Encrypt usually works requires you to setup a web server. Let's Encrypt sends you a challenge, and you have to prove ownership of the domain by providing a response to that challenge. You do this by placing the response in a certain URL on your web server:
http://www.yourserver.com/.well-known/acme-challenge/FgedPYS65N3HfwmM7IWY2...

That way you prove that you are the owner of the domain "yourserver.com". But there is another even easier way to prove ownership of a domain: DNS. You place the response in a specific TXT record of your domain: _acme-challenge.www.yourserver.com

• You can use your domain hosting service (GoDaddy, Whois, etc.) to create a new TXT record.
• The "certbot" command line client does all the rest in just one call.
• Under Debian 9 and 10, "certbot" is part of the official package repository.
• You can run certbot on any Linux client. You don't have to run it on the email server.

Example

In this example the public hostname of your mail server is mx.yourserver.com. Therefore you have to create a TXT record called _acme-challenge.mx.yourserver.com . The value of the TXT record is in the output of certbot.

# certbot certonly --manual --preferred-challenges dns -d mx.yourserver.com
 
Saving debug log to /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log 
Plugins selected: Authenticator manual, Installer None 
Obtaining a new certificate 
Performing the following challenges: 
dns-01 challenge for mx.yourserver.com 
 
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NOTE: The IP of this machine will be publicly logged as having requested this 
certificate. If you're running certbot in manual mode on a machine that is not 
your server, please ensure you're okay with that. 
 
Are you OK with your IP being logged? 
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(Y)es/(N)o: Y 
 
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Please deploy a DNS TXT record under the name 
_acme-challenge.mx.yourserver.com with the following value: 
 
1A4RACHEISTBLUTWURST_egTVadkeiieikeieisfkfk
 
Before continuing, verify the record is deployed. 
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Press Enter to Continue 
Waiting for verification... 
Cleaning up challenges 
 
IMPORTANT NOTES: 
 - Congratulations! Your certificate and chain have been saved at: 
   /etc/letsencrypt/live/mx.yourdomain.com/fullchain.pem 
   Your key file has been saved at: 
   /etc/letsencrypt/live/mx.yourdomain.com/privkey.pem 
   Your cert will expire on 2020-02-15. To obtain a new or tweaked 
   version of this certificate in the future, simply run certbot 
   again. To non-interactively renew *all* of your certificates, run 
   "certbot renew" 
 - If you like Certbot, please consider supporting our work by: 
 
   Donating to ISRG / Let's Encrypt:   https://letsencrypt.org/donate 
   Donating to EFF:                    https://eff.org/donate-le